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Gallatin, Tennessee For Sale By Owner - Local Information
Gallatin is a city in and the county seat of Sumner County, Tennessee, United States, along a navigable tributary of the Cumberland River. The population was 23,230 at the 2000 census. Named for U.S. Secretary of the Treasury Albert Gallatin, the city was established and made the county seat of Sumner County in 1802.
Several national companies have facilities or headquarters in Gallatin, including GAP, Inc., RR Donnelley, and Servpro Industries, Inc. Gallatin was formerly the headquarters of Dot Records. The city is also home to Volunteer State Community College, the largest two-year college in the state.
Map of Gallatin, Tennessee FSBO Listings
Additional information about Gallatin, Tennessee
The second oldest county in Middle Tennessee, Sumner County was created by an act of the General Assembly of the State of North Carolina in November 1786. The county was named for Revolutionary War soldier Colonel Jethro Sumner. Gallatin was established in 1802 as the permanent county seat. The town was named after Albert Gallatin, Secretary of Treasury to presidents Thomas Jefferson and James Madison. Andrew Jackson became one of the first to purchase a lot when the town was surveyed and platted in 1803. He also founded the first general store in Gallatin. That same year, the first courthouse and jail were built on the central town square. In 1815, the town was first incorporated and would later function under a Charter established by a 1953 Private Act of the State Legislature. The town was built around an open square.
At the beginning of the Civil War, the citizens of Gallatin were mostly opposed to secession from the Union. Eventually, the citizens placed their nearly unanimous support in the Confederacy. When fighting began in April 1861, soldiers from Sumner County began joining ranks.
The Union Army first captured Gallatin in February 1862. It was an important location because the railroad and Cumberland River were significant transportation routes which the Union Army wanted to control. In July, General John Hunt Morgan recaptured Gallatin and held it until Confederate forces fell back to Chattanooga. So many enslaved blacks went to Union lines that the Union established a contraband camp at Gallatin to house the slaves. They were fed with troop food, and worked for pay at various tasks.
In November 1862 Union General Eleazar A. Paine took over the town again and Union troops occupied it throughout the war. Paine was notoriously cruel and was replaced in command before the end of the war. In her diary, a local 16-year-old girl Alice Williamson told about Paine's summary execution of suspected spies in the town square. The long occupation drained the area of resources, as Union troops lived off the land, confiscating livestock and crops from area farms. By the end of the war, there was widespread social and economic breakdown and dislocation in the area, as could be seen by a rise in crime, and the neglect and deterioration of fences. Occupational forces of the Union army stayed in Gallatin after the war.
As in many other areas of Sumner County, in the aftermath of fighting, freedpeople migrated from farms into town to gather in community and escape some white control. At the same time, many whites moved from town out to farms for a while. The formerly prosperous area that had mixed farming and livestock raising needed years to get reestablished.
In the summer of 1873 the town was devastated by an epidemic of cholera. In the month of June, 68 people died, including numerous children. While the town had suffered cholera outbreaks before, that year had the highest number of fatalities. The disease swept through the South from foreigners' arriving from Europe in New Orleans, and contaminated travelers' carrying it with them by steamboat and rail. Nashville had 603 fatal cases from June 7-29, with 72 people dying the day of most fatalities.
Gradually through the 19th century the town and surroundings regained some steady growth. The area was primarily agricultural until mid-20th century. By 1970, industrialization resulted in only half of the county population being considered rural. In 1992, Gallatin was surpassed by Hendersonville as the largest town in the county, though Gallatin remains the county seat. Today it serves in part as a bedroom commuter suburb of Nashville.
On April 7, 2006, a tornado struck the city, killing nine people and injuring 150. Volunteer State Community College sustained major damage. This tornado was part of the April 6-8, 2006 Tornado Outbreak.
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