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is a city in Pulaski County, Arkansas, United States and a suburb of Little Rock. According to 2005 Census Bureau estimates, the population of the city was 30,506, ranking it as the state's 12th largest city, behind Bentonville. It is part of the Little Rock–North Little Rock–Conway Metropolitan Statistical Area. Jacksonville currently has a population of about 31,190 according to the 2007 US Census.
The city is named for Nicholas and Elizabeth Jackson, landowners who deeded the land for the railroad right-of-way to the Cairo & Fulton Railroad in 1870. The community evolved from the settlement surrounding the railroad depot, eventually incorporating in 1941. In 1941, construction began on the Arkansas Ordnance Plant (AOP), which served as the primary facility for the development of fuses and denonators for World War II. Following the war, AOP ceased operations and the land was sold for commercial interests, including the development of the Little Rock Air Force Base in 1955. Today, portions of AOP still remain including the
. Despite Pulaski County being one of the few counties in Arkansas that is not a "dry" county, as it allows the sales of beer and liquor, the municipal limits of Jacksonville are "dry" as it does not allow the sales of alcohol in stores.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 26.5 square miles (68.8 km²), of which, 26.4 square miles (68.3 km²) of it is land and 0.2 square miles (0.4 km²) of it (0.64%) is water.