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is a rural town in Windham County, Connecticut, United States. The population was 8,878 at the 2000 census. The 10 villages of Thompson include: East Thompson, Wilsonville, Fabyan, Quinebaug, Quaddick, Mechanicsville, Grosvenordale, North Grosvenordale, Thompson Hill, and West Thompson. Thompson is located in the northeastern corner of the state and is bordered on the north by Webster, Massachusetts, on the east by Douglas, Massachusetts and Burrillville, Rhode Island and on the south by Putnam.
Thompson has the highest-banked race track (Thompson International Speedway, a 5/8 mile oval) in New England. This speedway holds one of the biggest race programs in New England, "The World Series of Auto Racing", where 14 divisions and about 600 cars show up each fall. Another claim to fame is that the Tri-State Marker is located just on the border of Thompson. The term "Swamp Yankee" is thought to have originated in Thompson during the American Revolution in 1776.
Thompson is also known as the site of the Great East Thompson Train Wreck in 1891, one of the worst train wrecks in American history and the only one to involve four trains.
Ossian Everett Mills, founder of Phi Mu Alpha Sinfonia music fraternity, is buried in a small family plot in Thompson.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of 48.7 square miles (126.0 km²), of which, 46.9 square miles (121.6 km²) of it is land and 1.7 square miles (4.4 km²) of it (3.51%) is water. Thompson possesses many small ponds, such as Little Pond and Long Pond, as well as two principal lakes: West Thompson Lake and Quaddick Lake. Contained within its borders are several moderately sized rivers, the largest of which is the French River , a tributary of the Quinebaug River, which also runs through Thompson. The highest point in Thompson and the surrounding villages is Fort Hill at 649 feet above sea level.
A minor point of geological interest is the Wilsonville Fault, created during the breakup of Pangaea over 200 Million Years Ago.