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is a city in Jefferson County, Iowa, United States. The population was 9,509 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Jefferson County.
Fairfield lies at (41.007166, -91.965910). The geography is typical of the great plains of the American Midwest: around the town is rolling farmland specializing in corn, soybeans and hogs. Running west-east through the town is U.S. Highway 34; the city of Burlington is to the east. North-South is Iowa Highway 1, leading north to Iowa City and south to the Missouri state border.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.9 square miles (15.2 km²), of which, 5.7 square miles (14.9 km²) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.3 km²) of it (2.21%) is water.