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is a city in Henry County, Indiana, 44 miles (71 km) east-northeast of Indianapolis, on the Big Blue River. In 1900, 3,406 people lived in the town; in 1910, 9,446; in 1920, 14,458; and in 1940, 16,620. The population was 17,780 at the 2000 census. The city is the county seat of Henry County. New Castle is home to New Castle Fieldhouse, the largest high school gymnasium in the world.
The city is surrounded by a farming district. In the past, it was an industrial centre of some importance, where the leading manufactures included sheet iron and steel, automobiles, caskets, clothing, scales, bridges, pianos, furniture, handles, shovels, lathes, bricks, flour, etc.
New Castle Correctional Facility, with a capacity of over 2,000 inmates, is located just north of the city.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 5.9 square miles (15.4 km²), all of it land.