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is a town in Chatham County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 2,226 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Chatham County. The town is served by four local schools; Pittsboro Elementary School, Horton Middle School, Northwood High School, and Central Carolina Community College (CCCC), Chatham County Campus.
Pittsboro was established as a town in 1785; the Chatham County Court House stood on land belonging to Miles Scurlock; however, in 1787, the legislature declared that a town could not be established on Scurlock's land. The town's trustees instead purchased adjacent land belonging to William Petty and laid out the town. That same year, Pittsboro was officially named the county seat. Although, Chatham County is named for William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham, Pittsboro is named for his son, William Pitt the Younger.
Pittsboro was once considered as a potential site for both the University of North Carolina and the state capitol. UNC was eventually sited in Chapel Hill and the state capitol was located approximately 30 miles to the east of Pittsboro, in Raleigh.
Charles M. Stedman, the last Civil War veteran to serve in Congress, was born in Pittsboro on Jan. 29, 1841.