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is a city in Cheyenne County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 6,282 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Cheyenne County.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 6.2 square miles (16.0 km²), all of it land.
Sidney is toward the Western edge of the midwestern wheat growing region. West of the city the land is increasingly used for cattle ranching. Sidney is located along Lodgepole Creek which is along present-day Interstate 80. The town was founded in 1867 by the Union Pacific and grew up around the military base of Fort Sidney, where soldiers were stationed to guard the transcontinental railroad from potential Indian attacks.