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is a Township in Burlington County, New Jersey, United States. As of the United States 2000 Census, the township population was 5,955.
Chesterfield was originally formed on November 6, 1688. It was reformed by Royal Charter on January 10, 1713, and was incorporated as one of New Jersey's initial 104 townships by an Act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 21, 1798. Portions of the township were taken to form New Hanover Township (December 2, 1723) and Bordentown borough (December 9, 1825).
Chesterfield Township comprises three distinct communities: Chesterfield, Crosswicks and Sykesville. The area was first settled in 1677, when a group primarily consisting of Quakers settled in the area of Crosswicks, the oldest of the Chesterfield's three "villages".
According to the United States Census Bureau, the township has a total area of 21.5 square miles (55.7 km²), of which, 21.4 square miles (55.5 km²) of it is land and 0.1 square miles (0.2 km²) of it (0.42%) is water.
Chesterfield Township borders Bordentown Township, Mansfield Township, Springfield Township, and North Hanover Township. Chesterfield Township also borders Mercer County.
What is now the unincorporated village of Chesterfield was known as Recklesstown in the 18th and early 19th centuries, named for one of its founders, Joseph Reckless. The name was changed in 1888, when the district's Congressman thought it an object of ridicule.