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Mount Gilead's population was 3,290 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Morrow County and the center of population of Ohio. The village was established in 1832, eight years after white settlers arrived in the region. Before their arrival, the forest was a hunting area for the Shawnee tribe.
Located in the center of the village is Morrow County's historic World War I Victory Memorial Shaft, unique in the United States, and Mount Gilead State Park is nearby on State Route 95. Other areas drawing tourism include the Amish farms, shops and stores east of Mount Gilead, near Chesterville and Johnsville. Mount Gilead is also home to the Morrow County Hospital.
Mount Gilead is located at (40.552090, -82.831587). Its elevation is 1,081 feet above sea level.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the village has a total area of 3.2 square miles (8.3 km²), of which, 3.2 square miles (8.2 km²) of it is land and 0.31% is water.